Subterranean termites in Florida

Subterranean termites live in the soil and tunnel up into homes to feed on wood and other cellulose. Because they stay hidden, most Florida homeowners first notice them when winged termites (swarmers, also called alates) appear indoors, or when damaged wood turns up during a repair or renovation. Three species matter in the Tampa Bay area: the native eastern subterranean termite and two invasive species, the Formosan and the Asian subterranean termite.

The invasive termites spreading through Tampa Bay

The Formosan subterranean termite forms very large colonies and is now established in most of Florida’s coastal counties and large cities, according to UF/IFAS. UF scientists have also confirmed the Asian subterranean termite in South Tampa, its northernmost known spot in Florida. Both are more destructive than the native species.

Signs of subterranean termites

• Swarmers (alates) or piles of discarded wings near windows, doors and light fixtures
• Pencil-width mud tubes on foundations, slab edges or inside walls
• Wood that sounds hollow, or a blistered, peeling surface on trim or drywall
• Soil packed into damaged wood

Prevention

1. Keep wood, mulch and soil from touching siding and foundation walls; leave a clear strip so mud tubes are easy to spot.
2. Fix leaks, AC condensate and gutters that keep soil wet next to the house.
3. Don’t store firewood or lumber against the house.
4. Schedule regular termite inspections, especially before buying a home.

How DNR treats subterranean termites

DNR offers both liquid treatments, which put a protective zone in the soil around the structure, and bait stations, which termites carry back to the colony. Your technician will recommend the right approach after an inspection. Call 727-594-0404 or book a free consult.

Related pest spotlights: West Indian Drywood Termite and Florida Carpenter Ants.

FAQ

When do termites swarm in Florida? Subterranean termites swarm from January into midsummer. Most colonies don’t swarm until they’re 3–5 years old, so swarmers indoors mean an established colony is nearby, and an inspection is worth scheduling.

How do I tell termite swarmers from flying ants? Termites have a straight waist, straight antennae and four wings of equal length. Ants have a pinched waist, bent antennae and front wings longer than the back ones.

Are Formosan termites in my area? UF/IFAS reports Formosan termites are established in most coastal counties and major cities, including the Tampa area.

Sources: UF/IFAS, Invasive termites spreading farther than predicted (2026); Asian subterranean termites confirmed in Tampa (UF/IFAS research reported by PCT). Reviewed by Ricky Williams, Certified Operator in Charge.